Hi ! This glossary will help new students who are studying Business Management. It could help future or ancient students too. However, my glossary is not going to give precise terms of my field of study, but an overview of what students like me learn in their 2 years of college. I hope it will help you !
So, what my study field is about? Firstly, it's one of the three types of Social Science's courses, therefore we study psychology, French, philosophy and how to do research. Secondly, we have some courses related in our study field, like Economics, Marketing, Law and (obviously) Management. But, what really make our course special from the two others Social Science's courses are Mathematics! We do so much mathematics that our course was named "Social Science with Mathematics" for a really long time.
accounting
noun
The action or process of keeping financial accounts. (Oxford dictionary)
Example: The actual change concerns the accounting system and information system, particularly important to the distribution of power within organisations.
en: comptabilité
business
noun
A business is defined as an organization or enterprising entity engaged in commercial, industrial, or professional activities. Businesses can be for-profit entities or non-profit organizations that operate to fulfill a charitable mission or further a social cause. (Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/business.asp)
Example: The chaos in the national economy has had two major effects: business tourism to the city has fallen massively since the peso's devaluation; Devaluation has meant that the city, once the most expensive in South America, is now much more affordable for foreigners.
en: affaires, entreprise
calculus
noun
The branch of mathematics that deals with the finding and properties of derivatives and integrals of functions, by methods originally based on the summation of infinitesimal differences. The two main types are differential calculus and integral calculus. (Oxford dictionary)
Example: The branch of mathematics that is used is known as the calculus of variations and was developed by Rayleigh in 1870.
en: Calcul (différentiel et intégral)
capital
noun
Capital is a term for financial assets, such as funds held in deposit accounts and/or funds obtained from special financing sources. Capital can also be associated with capital assets of a company that requires significant amounts of capital to finance or expand. (Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/capital.asp)
Example: FINANCE PCD Maltron needs some considerable investment capital to get at that global market and supply it.
en: capital
consumer
noun
A person who purchases goods and services for personal use. (Oxford dictionary)
Example: Commercial logging has seemed to intensify the problems in the bush meat trade and it's negative effects, not only by destroying wildlife and their habitats but also opening up transport links for trading the meat to markets and cities, thus increasing consumer numbers.
en: consommateur
contract
noun
A written or spoken agreement, especially one concerning employment, sales, or tenancy, that is intended to be enforceable by law. (Oxford dictionary)
Example: Afterwards, the building contract would be awarded to this building firm.
en: contrat
economics
noun
The branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth. (Oxford dictionary)
en: sciences économiques
finance
noun
Finance is defined as the management of money and includes activities such as investing, borrowing, lending, budgeting, saving, and forecasting. (CFI, https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/finance/what-is-finance-definition/)
Example: The institution was successful for a brief period in the finance and military field, however it backfired at the turn of the century since it had reawakened the political consciousness of cabildos as it had ironically increased their self-assurance.
en: finance
goods
noun
In economics, goods are materials that satisfy human wants and provide utility, for example, to a consumer making a purchase of a satisfying product. A common distinction is made between goods that are tangible property, and services, which are non-physical. (Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goods)
Example: This 'multiplier effect' occurs because a fraction of the income injected into the economy by government-spending is used by households to consume goods.
en: biens
human resource management
noun
Human resource management (HRM or HR) is the strategic approach to the effective management of people in a company or organization such that they help their business gain a competitive advantage. It is designed to maximize employee performance in service of an employer's strategic objectives. (Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_resource_management)
Example: Weaknesses Based on the Premier Lodge experience in the Liverpool trip, the operation and human resource management cause serious weaknesses to Premier Lodge.
en: Gestion des ressources humaines
international trade
noun
International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories. (Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_trade)
Example: However, Article 36 states that 'nothing in this Agreement authorizes the use of measures to restrict or ban international trade in, and in particular as they concern imports of and utilization of, timber and timber products'.
en: Échange international
law
noun
The system of rules which a particular country or community recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and which it may enforce by the imposition of penalties. (Oxford dictionary)
Example: Meanwhile eBay has also associated itself with powerful law enforcement agencies to counter any actions of fraudsters.
en: droit
management
noun
Management is a process of planning, decision making, organizing, leading, motivation and controlling the human resources, financial, physical, and information resources of an organization to reach its goals in an efficient and effective manner. (Oxford dictionary)
Example: Independent data points may be obtained from point sampling, useful for management purposes and this method avoids inaccuracies caused by inadequate transects.
en: gestion
marketing
noun
Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. (AMA, https://www.ama.org/the-definition-of-marketing-what-is-marketing/)
Example: Aggressive marketing campaigns were launched by many city destinations, often focussed on the domestic market.
en: commercialisation
mathematics
noun
The abstract science of number, quantity, and space. Mathematics may be studied in its own right ( pure mathematics ), or as it is applied to other disciplines such as physics and engineering ( applied mathematics ). (Oxford dictionary)
Example: In the nineteen eighties mixed mode teaching grew from nine per cent to twenty per cent and in subjects such as science and mathematics it had even become the 'dominant mode'.
en: mathématiques
operations management
noun
Operations management is the administration of business practices to create the highest level of efficiency possible within an organization. It is concerned with converting materials and labor into goods and services as efficiently as possible to maximize the profit of an organization. (Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/operations-management.asp)
Example: operations management for competitive advantage
en: gestion des opérations
political science
noun
The branch of knowledge that deals with systems of government; the analysis of political activity and behavior. (Oxford dictionary)
Example: The Canadian Journal of Economics and political science
en: science politique
services
noun
In economics, a service is a transaction in which no physical goods are transferred from the seller to the buyer. The benefits of such a service are held to be demonstrated by the buyer's willingness to make the exchange. (Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_(economics))
Example: Each jati is associated with its own traditional occupation which provides goods or services for the rest of society.
en: services
supply chain management
noun
Supply chain management is the management of the flow of goods and services and includes all processes that transform raw materials into final products. It involves the active streamlining of a business's supply-side activities to maximize customer value and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace. (Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain_management)
Example: The assessment of risks is a necessary part of the design of any product or service and identification of failures is an essential skill in the understanding of service operations management and supply chain management.
en: gestion de la chaîne logistique
trade
verb
Trade involves the transfer of goods or services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. A system or network that allows trade is called a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services. (Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade)
Example: Although trading outposts had already been established earlier in the century, for example in Columbia, St Augustine's was destined to be a military outpost from where the Spanish could defend their trade routes and treasure from privateers sanctioned by the English government (until the 1604 Peace Treaty).
